Chronic Kidney Disease in a Dog: A Case Report

This report describes a 10-year-old Labrador Retriever dog who was found to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Classic CKD signs, such as weight loss, increased thirst, decreased appetite and frequent urine were observed in the patient. Tests in the lab revealed proteinuria coupled with increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. The renal cortex displayed structural changes measuring 7.5 mm on ultrasound. Radiographic evaluation revealed an enlarged heart, with the vertebral heart score (VHS) elevated at 12.5v in the right lateral view, exceeding the reference range of 10.2–11.4v. Additionally, cardiac troponin-I levels were elevated, further supporting evidence of cardiac involvement. A comprehensive treatment plan was initiated. Medication to control blood pressure, supportive care for secondary problems, and a renal diet to reduce protein and phosphorus consumption. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and make the required modifications, routine monitoring of kidney function and general health was essential. Two months later, all the biochemical parameters improved and the renal cortex returned to normal, measuring 6.3 mm. Additionally, cardiac troponin-I levels and heart size, as indicated by the VHS score, normalized to 10.5v, reflecting the positive response to long-term therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated cardiac complications. This case underscores the critical need for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in dogs with CKD to enhance quality of life and extend lifespan.